The dogs which take their name from the island of Newfoundland appeal to all lovers of animals.There are now two established variations, the black and the white and black. There also are bronze-colored dogs, but they are rare. The black assortment of the Newfoundland is to all intents and purposes black colored; but this doesn't mean that there could be no other color, for most black Newfoundlands have some white marks. In reality a white marking on the chest is said to be typical of the true breed. Any white on the head or body would place the dog in the aside from black variety.

The black colour should ideally be of a dull jet appearance which approximates to brown. In the other than black class, there might be black and tan, bronze, and white and black. The latter predominates, and in this color, wonder of marking is very important. The head should be black with a white muzzle and blaze, and the body and legs should be white with large patches of black on the saddle and quarters, with probably other little black spots on the body and legs.

Aside from color, the types should conform to the same standard. The head should be broad and giant, but in no sense heavy in appearance. The muzzle should be short, square, and clean cut, eyes rather wide apart, deep set, dark and little, not showing any haw; ears little, with close side carriage, covered with fine short hair (there shouldn't be any fringe to the ears), expression full of intelligence, grace, and kindness.

The body should be long, square, and giant, loins powerful and well filled; chest deep and broad; legs quite straight, moderately short in proportion to the length of the body, and powerful, with round bone well covered with muscle; feet large, round, and close. The tail should be only long enough to reach just below the hocks, free from kink, and never curled over the back. The quality of the coat is essential; the coat should be very dense, with masses of undercoat; the outer coat rather oppressive and quite straight.

The appearance usually should suggest a dog of great strength, and very active for his build and size, moving freely with the body swung loosely between the legs, which gives a slight roll in gait. As regards size, the Newfoundland Club standard gives 140 lbs. To 120 lbs. Weight for a dog, and 110 lbs. To 120 lbs. For a bitch, with a standard height at the shoulder of 27 inches and 25 inches respectively; but it is doubtful whether dogs in proper condition do fit with both requirements.

When rearing puppies give them soft food, for example well-boiled rice and milk, as fast as they may lap, and, shortly after wards, scraped lean meat. Newfoundland puppies need lots of beef to induce proper growth. The puppies should increase in weight at the rate of 3 lbs. A week, and this necessitates lots of flesh, bone and muscle-forming food, plenty of meat, both raw and cooked. Milk is also good, nevertheless it requires to be buttressed with casein.

The secret of growing full-sized dogs with masses of bone and substance is to get a good start from birth, good feeding, warm, dry quarters, and freedom for the puppies to move about and exercise themselves as they wish. Forced exercise may make them go wrong on their legs. Medication should not be needed except for worms, and the puppies should be physicked for these right after they are weaned, and again when 3 or four months old , or before that if they aren't flourishing. If free from worms, Newfoundland puppies will be found quite hardy, and, under proper conditions of food and quarters, they are easy to rear.

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